Analysis of the domestic pharmaceutical market of anthelmintic medicines

The problem of helminthiases is particularly relevant not only in veterinary medicine, but also in medical practice of mankind. Today, the spread of parasitic diseases concerns any country in the world, including countries with high living standards. The greatest danger is the fact that the vast majority of cases of the digestive system helminthiases is in children of the preschool and early school age. In all age groups of patients there is also a significant deterioration of the immune system and development of autoimmune diseases as a consequence of the disease. Aim. To analyze the range of anthelmintic medicines presented at the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine. Materials and methods. Distribution of anthelmintic medicines by their origin and dosage forms, as well as by price offers was studied at the level of the industrial area of Kharkiv and the Kharkiv region. The data processing was performed using the methods of economic and statistical analysis, and the results were processed using computer programs. Results and discussion. The domestic market of anthelmintic medicines offers 19 medicines on the basis of praziquantel, mebendazole, albendazole, piperazine, pyrantel, levamisole and one medicine in the form of a herbal tea – tansy flowers. Medicines of the Ukrainian production are only 36.8 %, while the most (63.2 %) of medicinal products comes from manufacturers of the UK, France and India. Anthelmintic medicines are presented in 3 dosage forms, among them coated tablets dominate. The analysis of price offers on the example of those that are available in Kharkiv and the Kharkiv region, taking into account the offers of internet pharmacies, showed their significant variation (from 2 to 1248). Among the medicines with albendazole as the active ingredient the greatest difference of price offers is typical for vormil in the form of coated tablets. Conclusions. It has been found that the existing range of anthelmintic medicines requires development and implementation of new domestic products in the industrial production. A particular attention should be paid to development of products based on the medicinal plant raw material.

Ключевые слова: фармацевтический рынок; исследование рынка; лекарственные препараты; гельминтозы According to statistics of the World Health Organization from 16 to 50 million people die annually because of infectious and parasitic diseases. By the prevalence helminth infestations take the second place after tuberculosis. Out of 150 of the world's species of helminths approximately 30 of them can be found in Ukraine (enterobiosis is about 75 %, ascariasis -20 %) [1,2].
The results of the current studies of the problem stated have shown that the presence of this group of diseases is closely associated with the body's immunological reactions. Thus, the study of the epidemiological picture and a number of animal studies indicate association of helminthiases with autoimmune disorders, including inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, diabetes, etc. [3,4].
Currently, the study of the patient's immune system status helps to assess not only the general state of health and identify potential complications of the disease occurrence, but also determine the pathogen. A specific indicator of helminths is a sharp increase in antibodies of IgE class and eosinophils [5,6,7].
The aim of our study is to analyze the domestic pharmaceutical market of anthelmintic medicines by their origin at the place of production, dosage forms, in which they enter the market and price offers on medicines at pharmacies on the example of Kharkiv and the Kharkiv region.

Materials and Methods
The range of anthelmintic medicines was studied by the origin and dosage forms. The study of price offers was conducted based on the data given on the site http:// medbrowse.com.ua/ for Kharkiv and the Kharkiv region, including price offers of internet-pharmacies with the delivery service from the other regions of Ukraine (as of January, 18, 2017).
The data processing was performed using the methods of economic and statistical analysis, and the results were processed using computer programs [10,11].

Results and Discussion
The analysis of the existing range of anthelmintic medicines (Fig. 1) by their origin (Tab. 1, 2) showed that most of them were produced abroad. The study of dosage forms (Fig. 2) demonstrated that medicines in the form of tablets prevailed.
Price offers for decaris (Tab. 3) dominated. The results of the further analysis of price offers obtained for medicines based on albendazole are given in Tab. 4, Fig. 3.
According to the ATC-classification anthelmintic medicines are divided into products used in trematodosis (Р02В) and products used in nematodosis (Р02С) (Fig. 1).
According to the compendium the group of anthelminthic medicines includes 19 names (Tab. 1).
It was found that among the available anthelmintic medicines those of foreign origin (63.2 %) dominated, while the Ukrainian manufacturers offered fewer medicines (36.8 %).

Distribution of medicines by the countries-producers is shown in Tab. 2.
As seen from the results obtained, medicines from the UK (25.0 %), France and India (each for 16.5 %) are on the top of the list.
Dosage forms of anthelmintic medicines at the domestic pharmaceutical market are presented in Fig. 2. The results show that coated tablets (60.90 %) and oral suspensions (34.80 %) prevail, while the share of medicines in the form of herbal tea is insignificant (4.30 %).   Since the offers for domestic and foreign medicines usually come from several distributors, it is reasonable to study the relevant price offers as the price of an offer significantly affects the availability of therapy for patients.
The general number of price offers for anthelmintic medicines as of January 18, 2017, is given in Tab. 3.
As seen from Tab. 3, the largest number of offers is for such anthelmintic medicines as decaris (1248), helmintox (699) and aldazol (653). The least number of price offers is for biltricide (6) and pyrantel tablets (2).
The results of the comparative analysis of price offers for medicines based on albendazole derivatives are listed in Tab. 4. Fig. 3 shows that the greatest difference of maximum and minimal price offers is typical for vormil tablets (23.38) and zentel suspension (20.66). The smallest difference of price offers is for albela No.1 (2.33). Table 2 Distribution of anthelmintic medicines of foreign production by the countries-producers  Table 4 The results of the comparative analysis of price offers for medicines based on albendazole

CONCLUSIONS
The domestic market of anthelmintic medicines has been analyzed. It has been found that medicines of foreign production prevail. Among the suppliers from abroad manufacturers from the UK, India and France dominate. At the domestic pharmaceutical market anthelmintic medicines are presented in 3 dosage forms, among them coated tablets dominate.
The number of price offers that are available in Kharkiv and the Kharkiv region taking into account the offers of internet pharmacies has been studied. It has been determined that the maximum number of price offers is for decaris (1248), while the minimal quantity -for pyrantel tablets (2).
The analysis of price offers for anthelminthic medicines based on albendazole has been conducted. According to the results it has been found that the greatest difference of price offers is typical for vormil in the form of coated tablets (23.38) and zentel in the form of a suspension (20.66). The smallest difference of price offers is for albela No.1 (2.33).
Conflicts of Interest: authors have no conflict of interest to declare.