The effect of extraction conditions on the quantitative content of flavonoids in peppermint leaf extracts (Mentha Piperitae folium)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24959/nphj.25.163Keywords:
technology; technological process; preparation; extraction; extractant; polyphenols; flavonoids; extractives; herbal substance; spectrophotometryAbstract
Aim. To investigate the influence of key parameters of peppermint leaf extraction (Mentha Piperitae folium) on the quantitative content of flavonoids in the obtained extracts and to determine the optimal process conditions.
Materials and methods. The object of the study was powdered dried leaves of Peppermint. As extraction solvents 93%, 70%, 40% ethyl alcohol solution (vol.) and purified water were used. As the extraction method filtration extraction was used. In the studied samples of extracts the dry residue, the yield of extractable matter and the quantitative content of the sum of flavonoids were determined. Assay was performed by absorption spectrophotometry on a PerkinElmer Lambda 35 spectrophotometer.
Results and discussion. Based on the data obtained it can be said about effectiveness of the applied experimental model. Achieving effective mass transfer of bioactive substances from the extracted material was ensured by continuous supply of fresh extraction solvent and its steady rate movement through the raw material layer at a constant speed. Since the conditions of the starting raw material, the extraction method and the speed the extractant were the same for all experiments the change in the polarity of the extraction solvent and the dynamics of the DER served as evaluation factors of the overall efficiency of the process. It was established that the extracts obtained under the conditions of using ethanol within 40-70% and a DER 1:7-9 were characterized by the most optimal and balanced ratio of flavonoid content and the yield of extractable matter. The use of 93% ethanol is effective in terms of quantitative characteristics of the extract but the least effective in terms of the yield of extractable matter. In turn, the aqueous extractant allows achieving the highest yields of extractable matter with a relatively low content of flavonoids in such extracts.
Conclusions. It has been determined that the efficiency of flavonoid extraction and product yield significantly depend on the polarity of the extractant used and DER. It has been proven that the use of filtration extraction ensures uniform dynamics of mass transfer of extractable matters from the extracted raw materials and a stable content of flavonoids in the studied samples. It has been found that peppermint leaf extracts obtained under the conditions of using ethanol within 40-70% and DER 1:7-9 are characterized by the most optimal and balanced quantitative indicators. It has been experimentally found that under optimal process conditions the average yield of extractable matter is within 20% and the content of the sum of flavonoids is within 9%.
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