The study of the acute toxicity and pharmacological activity of the Salvia splendens herb thick extract
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24959/nphj.25.193Keywords:
: Salvia splendens; herb; extract thick; acute toxicity; anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity.Abstract
Aim. To study the acute toxicity, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of the Salvia splendens herb thick extract.
Materials and methods. To study the acute toxicity, the Salvia splendens herb thick extract was administered to experimental animals in the dose of 5000 mg/kg. When assessing the anti-inflammatory activity, the anti-exudative effect was studied in a model of acute paw edema in rats caused by subplantar administration of 0.1 ml of 1 % carrageenan solution under the aponeurosis of the hind right limb. The effectiveness of the application was evaluated compared to animals of the control pathology group and reference drugs – diclofenac sodium in the dose of 8 mg/kg and quercetin in the dose of 50 mg/kg. The activity of oxidative processes was evaluated by the catalase activity and the content of TBA-reactive products.
Results. The acute toxicity study has not revealed any cases of mortality in experimental animals when administered in the dose of 5000 mg/kg, indicating the absence of toxic effects of the extract studied in overdose. It has been found that the extract, according to K. K. Sidorov classification, belongs to the class of practically non-toxic substances (LD50 > 5000 mg/kg). When studying the anti-exudative activity, it has been determined that the extract under research has the anti-inflammatory effect and can be used for the further development of drugs aimed at reducing the inflammatory process in the body. However, the extracts studied do not have a sufficient level of the antioxidant activity and cannot actively suppress oxidative stress in the inflammatory process.
Conclusions. It has been determined that the Salvia splendens herb thick extract belongs to the class of practically non-toxic substances. The anti-inflammatory effect of the extract studied is manifested by inhibition of exudative processes. The antioxidant activity assessment has shown its low effectiveness in suppressing oxidative stress in the inflammatory process
References
Sharifi-Rad, M., Ozcelik, B., Altın, G., Daşkaya-Dikmen, C., Martorell, M., Ramírez-Alarcón, K., Alarcón-Zapata, P., Morais-Braga, M. F. B., Carneiro, J. N. P., Borges Leal, A. L. A., Melo Coutinho, H. D., Gyawali, R., Tahergorabi, R., Ibrahim, S. A., Sahrifi-Rad, R., Sharopov, F., Salehi, B., Del Mar Contreras, M., Segura-Carretero, A., . . . Sharifi-Rad, J. (2018). Salvia spp. plants – from farm to food applications and phytopharmacotherapy. Trends in Food Science Technology, 80, 242–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2018.08.008
Zhumaliyeva, G., Zhussupova, A., Zhusupova, G. E., Błońska-Sikora, E., Cerreto, A., Omirbekova, N., Zhunusbayeva, Z., Gemejiyeva, N., Ramazanova, M., Wrzosek, M., & Ross, S. A. (2023). Natural compounds of Salvia L. genus and molecular mechanism of their biological activity. Biomedicines, 11(12), 3151. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11123151
Luca, S. V., Skalicka-Woźniak, K., Mihai, C.-T., Gradinaru, A. C., Mandici, A., Ciocarlan, N., Miron, A., & Aprotosoaie, A. C. (2023). Chemical profile and bioactivity evaluation of Salvia species from Eastern Europe. Antioxidants, 12(8), 1514. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12081514
Berkalo, Yu. A., Kuznietsova, V. Yu., & Kyslychenko, V. S. (2023). Shavliia blyskucha – perspektyvne dzherelo likarskykh zasobiv. In Fundamentalni ta prykladni doslidzhennia v suchasnii khimii ta farmatsii (p. 7–11). Nizhynskyi derzhavnyi universytet imeni Mykoly Hoholia.
El-Sawi, S. A., Ezzat, S. M., Aly, H. F., Merghany, R., & Meselhy, R. (2020). Neuroprotective effect of Salvia splendens extract and its constituents against AlCl 3 -induced Alzheimer’s disease in rats. Advances in Traditional Medicine, 20, 381–393. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-019-00421-w
Narayan, S., & Mittal, A. (2015). Salvia splendens Roem ex Schult: a review of phytochemical and pharmacological studies. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 4(8), 957–964.
Mittal, A., & Narayan, S. (2018). Antiaging effect of leaves of different extract Salvia splendens. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Biological Archive, 9(3), 36–46.
El Sawi, S. A., Sleem, A. A., & Merghany, R. M. (2021). In vivo antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperglycemic effects of Salvia splendens aerial parts in male albino rat models. Journal of Herbs, Spices Medicinal Plants, 27(2), 149–160. https://doi.org/10.1080/10496475.2021.1891173
Raut, Y., Wankhade, A., & Paithankar, V. (2025). A comprehensive review on the pharmacological potential of Salvia splendens. Int. J. of Pharm. Sci, 3(4), 1655–1664. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15206093
Taher, M. A., El-Daly, N., El-Khateeb, A. Y., & Hassan, S. (2021). Chemical composition, antioxidant, antitumor and antifungal activities of methanolic extracts of Coleus blumei, Plectranthus amboinicus and Salvia splendens (Lamiaceae), Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Biotechnology, 12(11), 177–187. https://doi.org/10.21608/jacb.2021.209208
El-Sawi, S. A., Merghany, R. M., Sleem, A. A., Aly, H. F., & Ibrahim, M. E. (2019). Poly phenolics-rich extracts of Lagerstroemia indica and Salvia splendens attenuate behavioural alterations and oxidative damage of reserpine–induced depression in rats. J. Mater. Environ. Sci., 10(12), 1230–1237.
Balaji, M. T., Paithankar, V. V., Vyas, J. V., & Wankhad, A. M. (2024). To evaluate the antiobesity activity of Salvia splendens extract in high fat diet induced rat model. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 12(5), 797–803.
Berkalo, Yu. A., & Kuznietsova, V. Yu. (2024). Doslidzhennia protymikrobnoi aktyvnosti hustoho ekstraktu travy salvii blyskuchoi (Salvia splendens). In Fundamentalni ta prykladni doslidzhennia u haluzi farmatsevtychnoi tekhnolohii (p. 345). Natsionalnyi farmatsevtychnyi universytet.
Berkalo, Yu. A., & Kuznietsova, V. Yu. (2024). Vyznachennia optymalnykh umov ekstraktsii biolohichno aktyvnykh rechovyn z travy shavlii blyskuchoi. In Suchasni dosiahnennia farmatsevtychnoi nauky v stvorenni ta standartyzatsii likarskykh zasobiv i diietychnykh dobavok, shcho mistiat komponenty pryrodnoho pokhodzhennia (p. 70). Natsionalnyi farmatsevtychnyi universytet.
Stefanova, O. V. (Red.). (2001). Doklinichni doslidzhennia likarskykh zasobiv: metod. rek. Avitsena.
Likarski zasoby. Nalezhna vyrobnycha praktyka: Nastanova ST-N MOZU 42–7.0:2008. https://compendium.com.ua/uk/clinical-guidelines-uk/standartizatsiya-farmatsevtichnoyi-produktsiyi-tom-2/st-n-mozu-42-7-0-2008/
Indrayan, A., & Malhotra, K. R. (2018). Medical biostatistics (4th ed.) CRC Press
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 National University of Pharmacy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
