Carboxylic acids of phenolic complexes from Veronica teucrium L.

Abstract

Aim. To compare and study low molecular aliphatic, fatty and aromatic acids of phenolic complexes (PhC) obtained from V. teucrium L. flowers, leaves and rhizomes using chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Materials and methods. Phenolic complexes from flowers, leaves and rhizomes were obtained by the exhaustive circulating extraction method in a Soxhlet apparatus. The analysis of methyl esters of acids was performed on a 5973N/6890N MSD/DS Agilent Technologies (USA) chromatograph using the chromatography-mass spectrometry method. The sample injection in a HP-INNOWAX (0.25 mm × 30 m) chromatographic capillary column was performed by a splitless mode. Identification of methyl esters of acids was performed based on the calculation of the equivalent length of the aliphatic chain (ECL) using data from the mass spectra libraries NIST 05 and Willey 2007 in combination with programs for identifying AMDIS and NIST; the retention time of esters was also compared with the retention time of standard compounds (Sigma). The internal standard method was used for quantitative calculations.
Results and discussion. As the result of our study low molecular aliphatic, fatty and aromatic acids have been identified in phenolic complexes of V. teucrium L. flowers, leaves and rhizomes for the first time, their quantitative content is as follows: 2.34 % – in the complex from flowers, 2.78 % – in the complex from leaves, and 2.10 % – in the complex from rhizomes. In the phenolic complex from flowers low molecular aliphatic acids (malonic, levulinic, succinic, 3-hydroxy-2-methylglutaric); fatty acids (palmitic and linolenic); aromatic acids (vanillic, р-coumaric and phydroxybenzoic) prevail. The dominant compounds in the phenolic complex from leaves are low molecular aliphatic acids (malonic, levulinic, succinic, 3-hydroxy-2-methylglutaric, malic); fatty acids (palmitic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic); and aromatic acid (ferulic). In the phenolic complex from rhizomes low molecular aliphatic acids (levulinic, succinic, malic); fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic); aromatic acids (veratric, vanillic, syringic, ferulic) dominate.
Conclusions. As the result of our study for the first time the following components have been identified in phenolic complexes: 40 low molecular aliphatic, fatty and aromatic acids – from flowers, 39 – from leaves, 38 – from rhizomes. The content of carboxylic acids in phenolic complexes is 2.34 % – from flowers, 2.78 % – from leaves, 2.10 % – from rhizomes. It has been found that the herbal drug of V. teucrium L. is a source of valuable biologically active acids with different pharmacological effect.